Guangdong Hanle
01 · Historical Records
According to traditional performing form, long-established performing convention and differing use, Guangdong Han music is divided into five categories.
02 · Core Techniques & Process
Records show that it was brought south by Han immigrants from the Central Plains in ancient times, and it is known as “ancient music of the Central Plains”; it has been current in Dabu for at least five hundred years. The first is xiansuo music, commonly called “he xiansuo”. It is the most widespread and most popular performing form in Guangdong Han music. It is led by the head string (commonly called the “diaogui”) or the tihu, accompanied by instruments such as the yangqin, sanxian, flute and yehu. The second is qing music, also called ru music. It pursues a more refined performing form and was favoured by literary scholars. It uses fewer instruments in performance, chiefly the guzheng, pipa, yehu and dongxiao, and is known as the “three pieces” of zheng, pipa and hu. The third is great gong and drum of Han music, also called ba yin. It is used mainly for folk welcoming-of-the-gods processions, the Lantern Festival and other traditional Hakka festivals. It is led by the suona, supported by the bass drum, su gong, big and small cymbals, bowl gong, bronze jing, small gong, horse gong (used in ba yin) and other percussion. The fourth is zhongjunban music. Historically it was played mainly by professional or semi-professional folk music bands, and, as music of a ceremonial procession, was used above all for folk weddings, funerals and celebrations. It is led by the suona, with percussion and several xiansuo instruments. The fifth is temple music. It is wind-and-percussion music played at religious rites, led by the suona, with percussion and several xiansuo instruments. Representative pieces include the xiansuo pieces Dan Dian Wei (Single Dot Tail), Yu Shan Po (Jade Hillside) and Si Fu (Longing for Her Husband); the suona pieces Fen Die (Pink Cascade), Pu Tian Le (Universal Joy) and Yu Fu Rong; and temple pieces such as Yi Feng Shu (A Letter) and Shui Di Yu (Fish under Water).
Anthology of Guangdong Han Music Pieces
Guangdong Han music has a rich repertory; the sorted and published Anthology of Guangdong Han Music contains 612 pieces in all, of which 430 are xiansuo pieces, 56 qing pieces, 23 great gong-and-drum pieces, 62 zhongjunban pieces and 31 temple pieces.
Dan Dian Wei (Single Dot Tail)
One of the representative pieces of Guangdong Han music; representative pieces include the xiansuo pieces Dan Dian Wei (Single Dot Tail), Yu Shan Po (Jade Hillside) and Si Fu (Longing for Her Husband); the suona pieces Fen Die (Pink Cascade), Pu Tian Le (Universal Joy) and Yu Fu Rong; and temple pieces such as Yi Feng Shu (A Letter) and Shui Di Yu (Fish under Water).
Yu Shan Po (Jade Hillside)
One of the representative pieces of Guangdong Han music; representative pieces include the xiansuo pieces Dan Dian Wei (Single Dot Tail), Yu Shan Po (Jade Hillside) and Si Fu (Longing for Her Husband); the suona pieces Fen Die (Pink Cascade), Pu Tian Le (Universal Joy) and Yu Fu Rong; and temple pieces such as Yi Feng Shu (A Letter) and Shui Di Yu (Fish under Water).
Si Fu (Longing for Her Husband)
One of the representative pieces of Guangdong Han music; representative pieces include the xiansuo pieces Dan Dian Wei (Single Dot Tail), Yu Shan Po (Jade Hillside) and Si Fu (Longing for Her Husband); the suona pieces Fen Die (Pink Cascade), Pu Tian Le (Universal Joy) and Yu Fu Rong; and temple pieces such as Yi Feng Shu (A Letter) and Shui Di Yu (Fish under Water).
Fen Die (Pink Cascade)
One of the representative pieces of Guangdong Han music; representative pieces include the xiansuo pieces Dan Dian Wei (Single Dot Tail), Yu Shan Po (Jade Hillside) and Si Fu (Longing for Her Husband); the suona pieces Fen Die (Pink Cascade), Pu Tian Le (Universal Joy) and Yu Fu Rong; and temple pieces such as Yi Feng Shu (A Letter) and Shui Di Yu (Fish under Water).
Pu Tian Le (Universal Joy)
One of the representative pieces of Guangdong Han music; representative pieces include the xiansuo pieces Dan Dian Wei (Single Dot Tail), Yu Shan Po (Jade Hillside) and Si Fu (Longing for Her Husband); the suona pieces Fen Die (Pink Cascade), Pu Tian Le (Universal Joy) and Yu Fu Rong; and temple pieces such as Yi Feng Shu (A Letter) and Shui Di Yu (Fish under Water).
Yu Fu Rong
One of the representative pieces of Guangdong Han music; representative pieces include the xiansuo pieces Dan Dian Wei (Single Dot Tail), Yu Shan Po (Jade Hillside) and Si Fu (Longing for Her Husband); the suona pieces Fen Die (Pink Cascade), Pu Tian Le (Universal Joy) and Yu Fu Rong; and temple pieces such as Yi Feng Shu (A Letter) and Shui Di Yu (Fish under Water).
Yi Feng Shu (A Letter)
One of the representative pieces of Guangdong Han music; representative pieces include the xiansuo pieces Dan Dian Wei (Single Dot Tail), Yu Shan Po (Jade Hillside) and Si Fu (Longing for Her Husband); the suona pieces Fen Die (Pink Cascade), Pu Tian Le (Universal Joy) and Yu Fu Rong; and temple pieces such as Yi Feng Shu (A Letter) and Shui Di Yu (Fish under Water).
Shui Di Yu (Fish under Water)
One of the representative pieces of Guangdong Han music; representative pieces include the xiansuo pieces Dan Dian Wei (Single Dot Tail), Yu Shan Po (Jade Hillside) and Si Fu (Longing for Her Husband); the suona pieces Fen Die (Pink Cascade), Pu Tian Le (Universal Joy) and Yu Fu Rong; and temple pieces such as Yi Feng Shu (A Letter) and Shui Di Yu (Fish under Water).
03 · Regional Records & Related Items
Guangdong Han music is distributed in Meizhou, Shantou, Shaoguan and Huiyang in Guangdong, and is represented by Dabu county of Meizhou city; it was formerly called Hakka music, waijiangxian, ru music, handiao music and the like. Guangdong Han music preserves the characteristics of the original Central Plains music, and at the same time merges with local Dabu folk music such as ba yin playing and zhongjunban music, while also absorbing some elements of Chaozhou music such as the great gong and drum; it has become one of the three great genres of Guangdong music.
04 · Cultural Value & Contemporary Safeguarding
Guangdong Han music has a rich repertory; in the sorted and published Anthology of Guangdong Han Music there are 612 pieces in all, of which 430 are xiansuo pieces, 56 qing pieces, 23 great gong-and-drum pieces, 62 zhongjunban pieces and 31 temple pieces. Luo Banglong (as recorded in the official dossier of an associated inheritor): male, Han, born in 1942, a native of Dabu, Guangdong. He began work in 1965 and, under the guidance of Yu Dunchang and Li Deli, studied the head string, the drum director and vocal-style design; he can commit to memory the various gong-and-drum formulas of Guangdong Han music, and his playing is full in timbre and classical in balance. He served as chief head-string leader of the Han opera troupe and performed many times in Beijing, Singapore and elsewhere. Representative inheritor of Guangdong Han music in the second national-level batch of intangible cultural heritage projects, and a national third-grade actor of the Han opera troupe of Dabu county, Guangdong Province. His representative works include Lan Ji Zi Jiu Sao (Lan Jizi Rescues His Sister-in-law) and Jin Shang Tian Hua (Flowers Added to Brocade); he won the gold award at the Guangdong provincial folk art gathering and at the second Guangdong music and flower show.
05 · Associated Representative Bearers
Representative bearers recorded under this item, organized by national nomination batch:
- Luo Banglong 02-0295
06 · Authoritative Sources & Bibliography
Sources
China Intangible Cultural Heritage Network (ihchina.cn)
This static English edition is rendered at the edge for search engines, AI crawlers and readers without JavaScript; it mirrors the bilingual dossier. 阅读中文版，或返回 英文名录。