Laiwubangzi
01 · Historical Records
Drawing on the Shandong volume of the Annals of Chinese Xiqu and local Laiwu materials, Laiwu bangzi originated in the Tai-Yi mountains; in the last years of the Qianlong reign the famous Anhui Hui-opera troupe Laoyangchun, following the route the Hui troupes took to Beijing, went north and settled at Xiazhang in Tai'an, so that Hui opera flowed into Shandong and gradually fused with the bangzi tunes long since come to south-western Shandong (locally called “native bangzi”), forming Laiwu bangzi under the influence of the local dialect and other factors.
02 · Core Techniques & Process
Laiwu bangzi is an ancient local genre of Shandong, originating in the Tai-Yi mountains and popular through central and eastern Shandong, with a history of more than two hundred years. Its singing music belongs to the banqiang system, its main ban styles divided into four kinds, “slow ban”, “liushui ban”, “bangzi xi” and “sanban”, with more than a hundred qupai besides, its content very rich. It has rich repertory resources, with four hundred and seventy-nine performing plays in all: before the founding of New China the traditional repertory had reached three hundred and twenty-three, of which, besides a hundred and seventy-three bangzi plays, more than a hundred were of lao xipi, lao erhuang, lao pihuang, luantan, bozi, luoluo, Kun opera, tanhuang and ditties; after the founding of New China fifty-four traditional plays were adapted and transplanted and a hundred and two modern plays created and transplanted, a rich gathering and a grand spectacle.
The Total Repertory (Four Hundred and Seventy-Nine Plays)
Laiwu bangzi has four hundred and seventy-nine performing plays in all, including three hundred and twenty-three traditional plays before 1949, fifty-four adapted and transplanted traditional plays and a hundred and two created and transplanted modern plays.
Slow Ban, Liushui Ban, Bangzi Xi, Sanban
The main ban styles of Laiwu bangzi's singing music, with more than a hundred qupai besides.
The Fisherman
A large modern play planned and guided by the inheritor, winning the seventh excellent-works award of the publicity department of the Shandong party committee.
The Hot-Water Bag and the Back-Scratcher
An operatic sketch planned and guided by the inheritor in 2010, winning the fifteenth Qunxing Award.
03 · Regional Records & Related Items
The genre's formation is captured in the arrival of the Anhui Hui-opera troupe Laoyangchun at Xiazhang in Tai'an and its fusion with the bangzi tunes long since come to south-western Shandong under the influence of the local dialect.
04 · Cultural Value & Contemporary Safeguarding
The inheritor entered the Laiwu bangzi troupe in 1977, specialising in xiaosheng and laosheng and studying under the famous old Laiwu bangzi artist Wei Yusheng; retaining the genre's traditional artistic features in his singing, he is neat and grand in performance with a broad range, able to shape characters of different temperaments and standing out on the Laiwu bangzi stage. He became head of the Laiwu bangzi troupe in 2000, responsible for its repertory building and for training reserve strength, demonstrating and coaching during rehearsals and training its young actors; the large modern play The Fisherman, planned and guided by him, won the seventh excellent-works award of the publicity department of the Shandong party committee, and the operatic sketch The Hot-Water Bag and the Back-Scratcher, planned and guided by him in 2010, won the fifteenth Qunxing Award.
05 · Associated Representative Bearers
Representative bearers recorded under this item, organized by national nomination batch:
- Li Changsheng 05-2452
- Zhang Kexue
06 · Authoritative Sources & Bibliography
Sources
China Intangible Cultural Heritage Network (ihchina.cn)
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