Mongolian Medicine
01 · Historical Records
In 1702, the Ruiying Temple in Mongoliajin (Mongoljin) established the Manba Zhacang, a medical seminary for training Mongolian medicine practitioners, which played an important role in promoting Mongolian medicine.
02 · Core Techniques & Process
Mongoljin Mongolian medicine has a long history and is one of the birthplaces of Mongolian medicine. Blood-exhaustion syndrome results from congenital insufficiency of innate endowment and improper postnatal nurture — for example, dietary irregularity and excessive emotional swings that derange the gastric fire and impair the functions of the spleen, stomach, and liver, so that the separation of essence from dross is blocked — or from the external contraction of damp toxins and pestilence, which invade the body and its vital essence and blood; in either case the metabolic function of the seven constituents is impaired, and the generation of blood is blocked. It corresponds to aplastic anemia in Western medicine. Mongolian medicine holds that all life activities of the human body are carried out while the three roots inherent in the body (hi, shira, and badgan), the seven constituents (the essence of food and drink, blood, flesh, fat, bone, marrow, and semen), and the three excreta (feces, urine, and sweat) remain in mutual coordination. Under normal conditions the three roots depend on one another and restrain one another, remaining in a state of relative balance, and they govern the movement and transformation of the seven constituents and the three excreta, so that the body's functions operate normally. If any one of the three roots becomes excessively dominant or excessively deficient, so that balance is lost, abnormal changes inevitably follow, affecting the decomposition of the seven constituents and the three excreta and leading to the occurrence of disease. The seven constituents are the seven basic substances that constitute the human body and sustain its life activities. Among the seven constituents the essence of food and drink is the most important, because the other six are all transformed from it. After food and drink are taken into the body, first the badgan of gastric digestion grinds the food; then the digestive shira further digests and decomposes the ground food; then the heat-regulating hi separates the digested food into essence and dross, so that the essence of food and drink is conveyed through the channels of the stomach and intestines into the liver, where, through the action of the color-transforming shira, it gradually matures and becomes blood. The blood-exhaustion therapy has explored and standardized the main symptoms, treatment principles, and prescriptions for its patterns (types).
The three roots, seven constituents and three residues
Mongolian medicine frames life as the coordination of three roots, seven constituents and three residues, any imbalance among them leading to disease.
The three forms of blood-failure syndrome
Blood-failure syndrome is classified into three forms, each with its own main indications, principle of treatment and prescription.
Four stages in turning food essence into blood
Food is ground, digested, separated into essence and dregs, conveyed to the liver and matured into blood through four distinct stages.
The medical academy of Menba Zhacang
In 1702 the Menba Zhancang medical academy was founded at the Ruiying Temple, giving the system a regular place of transmission.
Xing Bulide and the blood-failure research programme
The inheritor Xing Bulide obtained good results with the therapy, and the Fuxin research institute organised specialists to codify its forms and prescriptions.
03 · Regional Records & Related Items
Clinically, blood-exhaustion syndrome is divided into the toxin-heat type, the viscous-heat type, and the undigested type.
Other submitting regions for the same item: Mongolian Medicine · Mongolian Medicine · Mongolian Medicine · Mongolian Medicine · Mongolian Medicine.
04 · Cultural Value & Contemporary Safeguarding
Xing Bulide, a contemporary inheritor of Mongolian medicine, has applied traditional Mongolian medical therapies to treat blood-exhaustion syndrome, with encouraging results. With the concern and support of leaders at all levels, the Fuxin Mongolian Medicine Research Institute of Liaoning Province organized experts in Mongolian medicine to summarize and study the subject conscientiously and established a research topic on the Mongolian medicine treatment of blood-exhaustion syndrome, further improving the Mongolian medicine therapy for blood-exhaustion syndrome. Therefore, the functions of the three roots are manifested not only in normal physiological activities but also in pathological changes.
05 · Associated Representative Bearers
Representative bearers recorded under this item, organized by national nomination batch:
- Baojinshan 04-1949
- Baosiqin 05-2960
- Wangbuhe 05-2961
- Hudalai
- Fuyulan
06 · Authoritative Sources & Bibliography
Sources
China Intangible Cultural Heritage Network (ihchina.cn)
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