Regongliuyuehui
01 · Historical Records
The second account says that at the end of the Yuan and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, a mixed Mongol-Han army of the Yuan Dynasty accepted amnesty from the Ming Dynasty in the Longwu River Valley and settled there, laying down their arms to take up farming.
02 · Core Techniques & Process
The Regong June Gathering is a large-scale sacrificial performance activity popular among the Tibetan and Tu peoples, circulating in Tongren County, Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province; it is held each year between the 17th and 25th days of the sixth lunar month, and the villages that hold the activities number more than fifty. The Regong June Gathering is a traditional cultural festival unique to the Tibetan villages of Tongren County, Qinghai; it has been transmitted for more than 1,400 years, and its way of worshipping the gods is unique in the entire Tibetan cultural region. There are two related legends about the origins of the Regong June Gathering. To celebrate peace and tranquility, they held grand sacrificial ceremonies, praying for the removal of disasters and difficulties and for human longevity and abundant grain; the Regong June Gathering developed from this. The June Gathering has a fixed period: it runs each year from the 17th to the 25th day of the sixth lunar month. The formal participants are all the men and the young unmarried women; others are merely spectators. The programs of the June Gathering take many forms, and the atmosphere is both fervent and solemn. The specific schedule includes at minimum sang-burning (incense offerings), inviting the gods, dragon drums, dances, and sacrifices, and at its fullest also includes "shangkouqian" (piercing the mouth with skewers), "kaishan" (opening the mountain), skits, and folk songs. Song and dance performances run through the June Gathering from beginning to end, divided mainly into three categories: "Lashize" (divine dance), "Leshize" (dragon dance), and "Moheze" (military dance), which display diversity in different villages. The Regong June Gathering has strong traditional cultural characteristics; it integrates ritual, celebration, song and dance, and folk drama performance, and has research value in art, religion, anthropology, folklore, and cultural studies.
The June seventeenth-to-twenty-fifth run
The festival always falls between the seventeenth and twenty-fifth day of the sixth lunar month, with more than fifty villages taking a turn in turn.
Smoke-offering and the summoning of deities
Burning juniper smoke and invoking the guardian deities open the rite, after which song and dance begin within the same gathering.
Lashize, the spirit dance
Lashize is the spirit-dance branch of the festival dance, led by the officiant and the lead dancer in solemn style.
Leshize dragon dance and Moheze war dance
The dragon dance Leshize and the war dance Moheze complete the three great branches, each village varying in drums, formation and numbers.
Mouth-pinching, mountain-op and song interludes
Larger schedules add mouth-pinching, mountain-op, skits and folk songs, carrying the bustle from the ritual ground into neighbouring courtyards.
Lawa succession in Sihe and Langjia villages
Each village's lawa officiant initiates, organises and leads the rites; inheritors Dang Zengben of Sihe and Xia Wucailang of Langjia are national-level representatives.
03 · Regional Records & Related Items
The first account says that at the time of the reconciliation between the Tang and Tibet, to celebrate the arrival of peace, the Tubo general guarding the local region prostrated himself before the local guardian gods and held grand sacrifices from the 16th to the 25th day of the sixth month of that year, from which the Regong June Gathering developed.
04 · Cultural Value & Contemporary Safeguarding
Dang Zengben (recorded in the official archive of the associated inheritor): Male, Tibetan ethnicity, born in April 1970, from Tongren County, Qinghai Province. At the age of 20, he became one of the most outstanding dancers in the June Gathering activities of the Regong Tibetan region, and was recognized by the Xiari Cang, Yeqiong Cang, Kanqinbao, and Saichi living Buddhas of Longwu Monastery as the sixth-generation fashi (ritual master) of Sihe Village, becoming the initiator, organizer, and lead dancer of the village's June Gathering activities. He is a representative inheritor of the Regong June Gathering, a national-level intangible cultural heritage item of the fourth batch. Xiawu Cairang (recorded in the official archive of the associated inheritor): Male, Tibetan ethnicity, born in February 1978, from Tongren County, Qinghai Province. He was born in Langjia Village, Tongren County, one of the villages where the traditional folk activities of the Regong June Gathering have been transmitted the earliest; from childhood, influenced by his family and the villagers, he mastered the ritual procedures and various performance movements of the June Gathering. At the age of 21 he devoted himself to the promotion and study of the June Gathering, and soon won the recognition and respect of the veteran artists and the neighboring villagers, becoming the host of the various sacrificial ceremonies and dance activities of the June Gathering and the sixth-generation "lawa" (ritual master) of the village. Since becoming a "lawa", he has devoted a great deal of time to teaching and passing on the traditions, and to training new people.
05 · Associated Representative Bearers
Representative bearers recorded under this item, organized by national nomination batch:
- Dangcengben 04-1963
- Xiawucairang 04-1964
06 · Authoritative Sources & Bibliography
Sources
China Intangible Cultural Heritage Network (ihchina.cn)
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