Shangdangbayinhui
01 · Historical Records
After 1949 bayin society organisations became fairly widespread and especially flourishing within the area under Jincheng. After 1980 the bayin societies revived and prospered once more.
02 · Core Techniques & Process
The Shangdang bayin society is widely current in the six counties, cities and districts of Jincheng in the southeastern part of Shanxi Province. The bayin society is a folk musical troupe, named for the eight kinds of instrument it mainly uses: drum, gong, cymbals, sheng, xiao, flute and guan. Its principal performance settings are ancient temple fairs, festival celebrations, seated street-stage blowing and striking, and weddings and funerals. Its wind and percussion instruments are mainly the wind group of suona, sheng, kouqinzi and yaqiang; the bowed and plucked group of high-pitched huhu, mid-pitched huhu, old huhu, banhu, erhu, yangqin and erxian; and the percussion group of old drum, tonggu, biangu, shouban, gong and bangzi. Its instrumental suites include "Da Shi Fan", "Xiao Shi Fan", "Shi Yang Jing" and others, thirty-one pieces in all. The Shangdang bayin society took shape and developed around the transition from the Yuan to the Ming, and matured and flourished in the late Ming and early Qing. During the Cultural Revolution its performance activities were banned and it nearly died out. The Shangdang bayin society has also won gold medals at the Shanxi provincial international gong-and-drum festival and in the national "Qunxing" awards.
Da Shi Fan
One of the instrumental suites of the Shangdang bayin society, and the best known of the thirty-one suite pieces.
Xiao Shi Fan
One of the instrumental suites of the Shangdang bayin society, ranked alongside "Da Shi Fan".
Shi Yang Jing
One of the instrumental suites of the Shangdang bayin society, so named because the ensemble uses a great variety of instruments.
03 · Regional Records & Related Items
The Shangdang bayin society circulates in the six counties, cities and districts of Jincheng in the southeastern part of Shanxi Province. It is a folk musical troupe named for the eight kinds of instrument it mainly uses - drum, gong, cymbals, sheng, xiao, flute and guan. It took shape and developed around the transition from the Yuan to the Ming, matured and flourished in the late Ming and early Qing, became widespread and flourishing for a time after 1949, was banned during the Cultural Revolution and nearly died out, and revived after 1980. Its performance settings are mainly ancient temple fairs, festival celebrations, seated street-stage blowing and striking, and weddings and funerals; the troupe formed by Huang Yibao in the Dayang area taught its skill and was distinguished for its suona playing and ka-xi.
04 · Cultural Value & Contemporary Safeguarding
In recent years the Shangdang bayin society was invited by the Ministry of Culture to perform in Beijing at Zhongnanhai and the Great Hall of the People. At present the Shangdang bayin society, which is organised mainly on a folk basis, has ageing artists and few successors, and much of artistic value is steadily being lost, so rescue, protection, development and enhancement are urgently needed. Huang Yibao (from the official record of the associated inheritor): male, Han nationality, born in May 1954, native of Zezhou County, Shanxi Province. He comes from a family of opera performers; his mother Niu Xiaoming was a famous local star. After decades of artistic training he is thoroughly versed in the instruments of the folk bayin society, and is most outstanding in suona technique, being especially skilled at ka-xi: he can use nose-blowing or alternate two suonas with kouqinzi, and in ka-xi imitate human laughter and speech with his chest and head voice alike, greatly enriching the expressiveness of Shangdang bayin drum-and-wind music and establishing a distinctive school of performance style. He has excavated and organised a large number of traditional folk tune patterns, founded the Dayang bayin society art troupe, and insists on performing while training successors. He is a representative inheritor of the Shangdang bayin society, a third-batch national-level intangible cultural heritage item.
05 · Associated Representative Bearers
Representative bearers recorded under this item, organized by national nomination batch:
- Huang Yibao 03-0848
- Fan Xiangfu
06 · Authoritative Sources & Bibliography
Sources
China Intangible Cultural Heritage Network (ihchina.cn)
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