Kazuodongmeng Folk Tales
01 · Historical Records
Eastern Mongol folk literature both conceals the ancient primitive worship and thought of the Mongols and their nostalgia for the forest hunting and nomadic life of the pre-agricultural period, and at the same time produces a great many works reflecting agricultural life, conveying the love and yearning of the Mongol people of this area for agricultural production; it both describes the history of the interaction of the Manchu and Mongol peoples of the eastern Mongol region in politics, economy and marriage over three hundred years, and displays from a wide angle the history of the Mongol, Han and Manchu peoples developing western Liaoning together by farming and of the fusion of the three cultures.
02 · Core Techniques & Process
The Mongols of the Harqin and the various eastern Mongol divisions settled down fairly early and turned from nomadic life to farming. In the long and winding historical process from hunting to herding and from herding to farming, the folk literature created by the people here is unique compared with the Mongol folk literature of other areas, reflecting the distinctive feature of the meeting and fusion of grassland culture and agricultural culture. The oral narrative mode, chiefly the eastern Mongol folk story, both inherits the tradition of grassland nomadic culture and, with a broad mind, absorbs the nourishment of the agricultural culture of the Han of the Central Plains, reflecting the settled agricultural life in an all-round and wide-angled way, and thus forming a cultural character that differs while agreeing with the Mongol folk literature of the grasslands.
A Jar of Silver Turns into Toads
A moral-exhortation story of punishing evil and urging good told by Liu Yongqin.
Fang Xiaoru, Whose Ten Clans Were Wiped Out
A figure legend told by Liu Yongqin.
The Divine Whip
A marvellous story told by Liu Yongqin.
The Fox and the Crane Make Friends
An animal story told by Liu Yongqin.
Harqin Left Wing Eastern Mongol Folk Stories
The work collecting Liu Yongqin's main stories.
03 · Regional Records & Related Items
Through the ages the eastern Mongol land has always had a group of story-tellers and singers enjoying local renown; they made great contributions to the flourishing of eastern Mongol folk literature, and the stories they cannot finish telling and the folk songs they cannot finish singing reflect the distinctive plain and deep character of Harqin folk literature, showing the world that the eastern Mongol folk literature is irreplaceable in the size of its store, the richness of its content, the breadth of its subjects and the distinctness of its cultural personality.
04 · Cultural Value & Contemporary Safeguarding
These oral narratives have important reference value for studying the history and culture of the Mongols of the eastern Mongol divisions such as the Harqin and Tumd and for examining the changes of Mongol culture. Yet as time passes the older transmitters of the Harqin Left Wing Mongol folk literature have gone one after another, the line of transmission is hard to continue, and the eastern Mongol folk literature of important oral-history value is fading from people's memory. Especially alarming is that the recordings collected by the local cultural department over the past twenty years have begun to demagnetise and distort, and the grass-roots cultural department in a poor area can do nothing, so that eastern Mongol folk literature is truly in a severely endangered state and urgently needs protection and salvaging.
05 · Associated Representative Bearers
Representative bearers recorded under this item, organized by national nomination batch:
- Liuyongqin 03-0784
06 · Authoritative Sources & Bibliography
Sources
China Intangible Cultural Heritage Network (ihchina.cn)
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