TCM Bone-setting Therapy
01 · Historical Records
The Xinshao Sun's bone-setting art is a TCM bone-setting therapy that arose in the late Qing dynasty; the Sun family of Taizimiao Township, at the foot of Long Mountain in Xinshao County, Hunan (in ancient times part of the Meishan region), fused the family martial-injury medical art with the bone-joining techniques of the ancient and mysterious Meishan medicine, TCM bone-injury studies, and Daoist medicine, and through manual reduction, external fixation, medicaments, and exercise treated fractures, dislocations, sprains and contusions, and sinew and bone pain, transmitting the art from generation to generation to the present day.
02 · Core Techniques & Process
Sun's bone setting proceeds in four steps - examining the injury, setting the bone, fixation, and restoring function - and advocates "treating sinews and bones together", "manipulating sinews and setting bones", "equal attention to form and spirit", "stage- and position-based treatment", "holistic regulation", and "the joint achievement of many techniques", emphasizing "first preserving the limb, second restoring its form, third restoring its function"; it attaches importance to manual reduction, splint fixation, combined internal and external treatment with Chinese herbal medicine, functional exercise, and psychotherapy; through observation, questioning, smelling, and palpation it learns the site and degree of the bone injury, and carries out bone setting in the three steps of sinew manipulation, reduction, and fixation; there are 28 kinds of manipulation, such as li (separating), diao (suspending), he (closing), qiao (prying), yao (rocking), na (pressing), and wen (approximating); cloth, paper, bamboo strips, fir-bark splints, and wooden boards are commonly used for fixation, with "shi (form and structure)", "ren (toughness)", "bian (simplicity)", and "li (conducive to exercise)" as the principles. Medication follows the principles of "breaking, activating, tonifying, harmonizing, and conducting", with more than 100 verified prescriptions; the dosage forms include decoctions, powders, ointments, elixirs, pills, medicinal wines, and liquids; the medicaments are Chinese herbs gathered from Long Mountain and its surroundings, such as Balengma and Tuniuxi, numbering more than 150; and there are 125 kinds of exercise, including dance, guided stretching, changquan, and joint exercises.
Assess, reduce, fix, restore
Assessment, reduction, fixation and functional recovery, with the three aims of saving the limb, restoring its shape and restoring its function.
Twenty-eight named manipulations
Twenty-eight named manipulations from lifting and suspending to closing and kissing, used for sinew and for bone.
Breaking, moving, tonifying, harmonising, guiding
Over a hundred formulas in seven dosage forms, using more than 150 herbs gathered on Longshan and around it.
Shape, resilience, convenience and usefulness
Cloth, paper, bamboo, fir bark and wooden boards are chosen for fit, resilience, ease and freedom to exercise.
Meishan and Daoist medicine combined
Family martial trauma work merged with Meishan and Daoist medicine, giving rise to 125 different exercises.
The hospital-based line of transmission
With the county hospital as base, more than a hundred academic successors work across Hunan and neighbouring regions.
03 · Regional Records & Related Items
The Sun's bone-setting art has strong regional characteristics and a systematic theoretical and technical system.
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04 · Cultural Value & Contemporary Safeguarding
Through the efforts of generations of inheritors, the Sun's bone-setting art has formed a transmission system with the Xinshao County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine as its base; it is widely disseminated, with more than a hundred academic successors distributed throughout the cities and prefectures of Hunan and in Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hong Kong, and other regions, and it is one of the main schools of traditional TCM bone-injury science in Huxiang (Hunan). Through medication, exercise, and other means the Sun's bone-setting art restores bone function; it has the distinctive advantages of "simple, convenient, cheap, and effective", and has good efficacy against all kinds of bone-injury diseases; the related folk legends and fine stories of physicians and patients also have historical and cultural value, and it has played a positive role in transmitting and developing Huxiang (Hunan) TCM culture and Meishan culture. Liao Huaizhang (recorded in the official file of the affiliated inheritor): Male, Han ethnicity, born in December 1964, a native of Xinshao County, Hunan. Chief physician; expert enjoying the special government allowance of the State Council. In more than twenty years of clinical medical practice, he has consistently applied the Sun's bone-setting art, with its advantages of "simple, convenient, cheap, and effective", to the treatment of bone-injury diseases. He has collected and sorted out more than one hundred medical books and material objects, traced the lineage and academic thought of the Sun's bone-setting art, and published more than twenty papers on the application of the Sun's bone-setting art. He has taken on twenty disciples, enabling the good transmission and development of the Sun's bone-setting art. He serves as a standing committee member of the Orthopedics Specialty Committee of the China Association of Chinese Medicine, a member of the Orthopedics Branch of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, and vice chairman of the Orthopedics Specialty Committee of the Hunan Provincial Association of Chinese Medicine. He is a representative inheritor of the Xinshao Sun's bone-setting art (TCM Bone-setting Therapy), a project in the fifth national-level batch of intangible cultural heritage.
05 · Associated Representative Bearers
Representative bearers recorded under this item, organized by national nomination batch:
- Guo Weihuai 01-0212
- Sun Shuchun 01-0213
- Shi Qi 01-0214
- Liu Gang 03-1446
- Luo Jindian 03-1447
- Shi Yangshan 03-1448
- Guo Yanjin 03-1449
- Wu Chengmou 04-1945
- Zhang Yuzhu 04-1946
- Luo Sulan 05-2951
- Su Jicheng 05-2952
- Shi Yinyu 05-2953
- Zhang Yanyou 05-2954
- Guo Yanxing 05-2955
- Liao Huaizhang 05-2956
- Li Feiyue
- Zhan Hongsheng
- Lin Zishun
- Zhu Liguo
- Li Tao
- Zhang Yunzhi
- Guo Jiayi
- Zhu Huaiyu
- Xu Zesan
- Zhu Long
06 · Authoritative Sources & Bibliography
Sources
China Intangible Cultural Heritage Network (ihchina.cn)
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