Tibetan Medicine
01 · Historical Records
Between the 12th and 15th centuries AD, Tibetan medicine developed into a Northern school, represented by Xiangba Langjia Zhasang, and a Southern school, represented by Suka Niangni Dorje. The Southern-school Tibetan medicine scholars of the early 19th century, outstandingly represented by Jiayang Qingze Jiangbu and others, brought about unprecedented development in Tibetan medicine.
02 · Core Techniques & Process
Historically, Tibetan medicine formed Northern and Southern schools. Ganzi Prefecture is one of the birthplaces of Tibetan medicine and the home of the Southern school. Historically, the Tibetan medicine centered on Kham was called the Southern school of Tibetan medicine. The Kham region includes Ganzi Prefecture in Sichuan, Diqing Prefecture in Yunnan, the Qamdo region in Tibet, and Yushu Prefecture in Qinghai, with a total area of 550,000 square kilometers. The Southern school of Tibetan medicine was inherited and developed by the Tibetan medical scholars Jieba Zeweng, Shijia Wangqiu, the Fifth Dalai Lama, Damu Menranba Losang Qub, and others; it was not until the time of Siduo Quejijiong Lie that the Northern and Southern schools gradually merged into one. The Southern school once became the backbone of Tibetan medicine, leading the inheritance and advancement of the entire discipline. With the harm to human health caused by environmental degradation, the toxic side effects of chemical drugs, and the limitations these drugs face in treating disease, humanity has increasingly come to recognize the important role of Tibetan medicine in health care.
Preparation of Rinchen Zuota
The mother preparation called Rinchen Zuota turns on detoxifying heavy metals and matching them safely—both inheritors are recorded as having overseen its production.
Zuota Dezi Ma
A formula built on the zuota preparations, studied under national and provincial programmes for its effect on chronic gastritis.
Tibetan treatment of cardiovascular disease
Where earlier theory met personal experience, the physician built an approach for cardiovascular disease that sat alongside his work on digestion, diabetes and gynaecology.
The northern and southern schools
From the twelfth to the fifteenth century Tibetan medicine split into a northern school represented by Xiangba Langjiazasang and a southern one represented by Suoka Niangniduoj.
The southern scholars of the early nineteenth century
Early nineteenth-century southern scholars such as Jiayang Qingzejiangbu brought the accumulated learning of both schools together in an unprecedented flowering.
03 · Regional Records & Related Items
Ganzi Prefecture is known on the map of Tibetan medicine as the home of the Southern school: the Kham belt of Ganzi in Sichuan, Diqing in Yunnan, Qamdo in Tibet, and Yushu in Qinghai forms a continuous plateau of about 550,000 square kilometers, where Tibetan diagnostic methods and prescriptions have their own distinctive style, and the distinction between the Northern and Southern schools is primarily discerned from this region. The Southern school once became the backbone of Tibetan medicine, leading its inheritance and advancement; it was not until the line of Siduo Quejijiong Lie that the two schools gradually merged into one.
Other submitting regions for the same item: Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine.
04 · Cultural Value & Contemporary Safeguarding
Tibetan medicine has a history of nearly 2,300 years. It is a medical system formed by the Tibetan people through long-term practice and continuous accumulation and refinement, possessing a complete theoretical system, unique therapeutic methods, and strong ethnic characteristics. Tibetan medicine is an important component of Tibetan culture and is of extremely important value for the study of the development of Tibetan society. At the same time, it plays an important role in protecting people's health. Modern science has further confirmed the scientific value of Tibetan medicine for human health care and disease prevention. Tangka Ngawang Jiacuo (recorded in the official file of the associated inheritor): In long-term clinical practice of Tibetan medicine, he summarized the academic theories and methods of his predecessors and, combining them with his own clinical experience, developed unique therapeutic methods for diseases affecting plateau populations in Tibetan regions. He presided over the preparation of 'Renqing Zuota' on multiple occasions and published more than twenty papers in journals and at academic conferences at various levels. Male, Tibetan ethnicity, born in 1925, died in 2008, from Dege, Sichuan. Representative inheritor of Tibetan Medicine (Southern School of Tibetan Medicine, Ganzi Prefecture), a first-batch national-level intangible cultural heritage item; chief Tibetan medicine pharmacist at the Ganzi Prefecture Tibetan Hospital; recipient of the State Council's special government allowance. From childhood he studied Tibetan pharmaceutical knowledge under the famous physician Zhamu Laji and others. At the age of 19 he went to Tibet specifically to study Tibetan medicine under the renowned masters Qinrao Luobu and others, mastering the essence of both the Northern and Southern schools of Tibetan medicine. Thereafter he remained engaged in Tibetan medicine clinical practice, talent training, research, and pharmaceutical production. Gesang Nyima (recorded in the official file of the associated inheritor): Male, Tibetan ethnicity, born in 1937, from Danba, Sichuan. From childhood he studied Tibetan Buddhism and Tibetan medicine under the famous religious figure the living Buddha Garang Danbi Jiangcun and others, deeply absorbing the essence of Tibetan Buddhism and Tibetan medicine. He began practicing medicine in 1962. In 1980 he was assigned to the Bamei Tibetan Medicine Department of the Ganzi Prefecture Health School, where he engaged in medical treatment, teaching, and pharmaceutical production. In long-term clinical practice of Tibetan medicine, he summarized the academic theories and methods of his predecessors and, combining them with his own clinical experience, developed unique therapeutic methods for the Tibetan medical treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, gastrointestinal, hepatobiliary, and biliary diseases, diabetes, and gynecological conditions. He is especially expert in the processing and preparation of the fundamental Tibetan medicine 'Renqing Zuota,' and has presided over and guided its preparation on multiple occasions. He actively participated in the research project of the National and Provincial Administrations of Traditional Chinese Medicine on the clinical efficacy of 'Zuota Dezi Ma' in treating chronic gastritis, and in the research on the national Category III new drug 'Tibetan Medicine Rangang Duoji'; he also took part in research on the effects and safety of mercury in Tibetan medicines. He published more than ten papers in journals and at academic conferences at various levels. Representative inheritor of Tibetan Medicine (Southern School of Tibetan Medicine, Ganzi Prefecture), a first-batch national-level intangible cultural heritage item; deputy chief Tibetan medicine pharmacist at the Ganzi Prefecture Tibetan Hospital; recipient of the State Council's special government allowance.
05 · Associated Representative Bearers
Representative bearers recorded under this item, organized by national nomination batch:
- Qiangbachilie 01-0220
- Nimaciren 01-0221
- Suolangqimei 01-0222
- Gawu 01-0223
- Duoji 01-0224
- Tangka Angwengjiangcuo 01-0225
- Gesangnima 01-0226
- Mima 03-1450
- Gesangciren 03-1451
- Lixianjia 03-1452
- Danzengpengcuo 03-1453
- Suolangdunzhu 03-1454
- Luosangduoji 03-1455
- Baimajiacuo 03-1456
- Eri 03-1457
- Gamacuoni 03-1458
- Sangjie 03-1459
- Nima 03-1460
- Zhandui 04-1947
- Mingzhu 05-2957
- Suonanwangjie 05-2958
- Nimacairang 05-2959
- Dansongzhaba
- Yujue
- Duojierenqing
- Cirenluobu
- Kanzhaojia
06 · Authoritative Sources & Bibliography
Sources
China Intangible Cultural Heritage Network (ihchina.cn)
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