Tibetan Medicine
01 · Historical Records
The Youque therapy originated on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and can be traced back more than 1,200 years. It is an external treatment method created single-handedly by the great physician Kangzhu Wangmu on the basis of many years of clinical practice and experience. After being transmitted by his disciples to Dimaer Danzengpengcuo, it was further supplemented and developed, and it has since been handed down through successive generations by the masters Quzhi Jiacuo, Jiayang Qianze, Jumipang Gama Chengli, and Kangzang Zhoujia.
02 · Core Techniques & Process
The Youque therapy consists of three parts: the therapist, the therapeutic instrument, and the treatment site. The therapeutic instrument is the treatment stick, which encompasses rich content including the raw materials, length, shape, timing, blessing power, tenets, vital points, treatment methods, treatment forms, therapeutic effects, and side effects of the stick. The treatment site encompasses indications and contraindications. The indications cover most cold-natured diseases in Tibetan medicine, such as rlung (wind) and bad-kan (phlegm) disorders. The contraindications comprise three aspects: disease, location, and timing. By disease, it refers to most blood and heat disorders, such as epidemic diseases, trauma, burns, and internal organ contusions; by location, it refers to vital points such as the five sense organs, the genitals, the breasts, the navel, the shoulder blades, the armpits, and the carotid arteries; by timing, it refers to old age and frailty, childhood, pregnancy, and the positions of the body's daily deities. According to the different natures of disorders, such as rlung and mkhris-pa (bile), the therapy follows the principle of using instruments of different materials for different diseases. In accordance with the characteristics of different affected sites, different external-treatment instruments are used to treat different parts of the body. Based on the courses of the body's channels and collaterals, blood vessels, and muscles and on the morphological and structural features of the skeleton, the therapy treats the body by tapping, pressing, pushing, and scraping, so that the blood and qi in all parts of the body can flow freely, thereby achieving the therapeutic purpose.
The treatment rod
The rod itself is the instrument, its material, length and shape all specified, with different materials used for disorders of wind and of bile.
Striking, pressing, pushing and scraping
Striking, pressing, pushing and scraping follow the courses of channels, vessels and muscles so that the blood and breath move freely.
Threefold contraindication
Contraindications run along three lines—the condition, the site and the season—including epidemic and blood disorders, vital parts of the body, and the weak, the young and the pregnant.
Enshrining and consecration
Only the chief inheritor may enshrine scriptures in the instrument and consecrate it at first use, and only one who has been taught may practise.
The line from Dangzeng to Luozang
From the elder physician Dangzeng of Dairi in Golog to Zongzhi of Zeku in Huangnan and now Luozang of the Xunhua hospital, who has set aside a room for the practice.
Free clinics and campus outreach
The hospital carries the practice into schools and training groups, and offers free treatment monthly in Xunhua and neighbouring Hualong.
03 · Regional Records & Related Items
Because it is simple to operate, free of toxic side effects, and markedly effective, the therapy has won the favor and praise of the great majority of local patients and has made its contribution to safeguarding public health.
Other submitting regions for the same item: Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine · Tibetan Medicine.
04 · Cultural Value & Contemporary Safeguarding
At present, the principal inheritor is the famous veteran Tibetan physician Dangzeng of Dari County, Golog Prefecture; the line was later continued through the old Tibetan physician Zongzhi of Zeku County, Huangnan Prefecture; and it is now carried on by Luozang of the outpatient department of the Xunhua County Chinese-Tibetan Hospital, who has established a Youque Room for the application and dissemination of this external treatment method with its unique therapeutic efficacy, so that this precious heritage of Tibetan medicine is well preserved and continued. A practitioner must receive instruction from the inheritor before going on to further study and carry out the treatment. The external treatment instruments must undergo zangcang (the insertion of scriptures and sutra texts) and kaiguang (consecration for first use) performed by the principal inheritor; during treatment, scriptures are repeatedly recited, which serves to relax the body and mind and to exert a psychotherapeutic effect. The Youque therapy has a long history and considerable research value; it actively draws on traditional medical techniques and has effectively promoted the development of Tibetan medical theory and clinical practice. At present, the Xunhua County Chinese-Tibetan Hospital is actively carrying out the transmission and preservation of this therapy. Centered on the transmission of traditional Tibetan medical culture and supported by rich display and promotional activities, the hospital continually carries out work such as bringing intangible cultural heritage into schools and training inheritor communities. Once a month its staff go deep into Xunhua County and neighboring Hualong County to offer free clinics, providing patients with free Youque treatment so that the public can experience and appreciate this intangible cultural heritage project at close range, thereby enabling this traditional external treatment method of Tibetan medicine to be further transmitted and developed.
05 · Associated Representative Bearers
Representative bearers recorded under this item, organized by national nomination batch:
- Qiangbachilie 01-0220
- Nimaciren 01-0221
- Suolangqimei 01-0222
- Gawu 01-0223
- Duoji 01-0224
- Tangka Angwengjiangcuo 01-0225
- Gesangnima 01-0226
- Mima 03-1450
- Gesangciren 03-1451
- Lixianjia 03-1452
- Danzengpengcuo 03-1453
- Suolangdunzhu 03-1454
- Luosangduoji 03-1455
- Baimajiacuo 03-1456
- Eri 03-1457
- Gamacuoni 03-1458
- Sangjie 03-1459
- Nima 03-1460
- Zhandui 04-1947
- Mingzhu 05-2957
- Suonanwangjie 05-2958
- Nimacairang 05-2959
- Dansongzhaba
- Yujue
- Duojierenqing
- Cirenluobu
- Kanzhaojia
06 · Authoritative Sources & Bibliography
Sources
China Intangible Cultural Heritage Network (ihchina.cn)
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